Working Holiday visas: Australia has paused new first-time Work and Holiday (subclass 462) applications from 24 countries, while San Marino and Türkiye remain open and some others move via a ballot; the move is already raising concerns for tourism and regional employers that rely on young workers. Maritime trade risk: Russia and Ukraine escalated attacks tied to Black Sea shipping and grain routes, with claims of strikes on merchant vessels and port infrastructure; one San Marino-flagged ship (Necibe) was reported hit while loading wheat. Flag-state compliance: Kyrgyzstan told the IMO it has not authorized any company or individual to register or operate seagoing vessels under its flag, spotlighting its push to build an international ship registry. Aviation enforcement: Italy seized multiple foreign-registered general aviation aircraft as customs and tax checks tighten, including scrutiny involving San Marino T7 registrations. Labor policy benchmark: A study on paid leave and public holidays ranks San Marino among the higher European countries (46 days), adding context for workforce-cost comparisons.